ZEMSTVO
- a elective council in Russia [n ZEMSTVOS or ZEMSTVA]
- an elective council in czarist Russia [n ZEMSTVA, ZEMSTVOS]
- one of a system of elected local assemblies established in 1864 by Alexander II to replace the authority of the nobles in administering local affairs after the abolition of serfdom: became the core of the liberal movement from 1905 to 1917